Severe wounds caused by burns or ulcers destroy the base layer of skin cells necessary for regenerating, leaving just one option for healing: surgical skin grafts. However, a recent Independent article discussed a new development that will very likely change the script on how the body heals from life-threatening wounds. A team of researchers at San Diego’s Salk Institute has identified four key cellular components that skin needs to regenerate and found a way to create them by reprogramming other cells within a wound.
The natural healing process works by slowly closing the perimeter around the wound, but the team set out to essentially create skin from nothing. They inspected cellular products of keratinocyte and wound cells and identified 55 protein molecules pertinent to skin regrowth. Through trial and error, they whittled it down to just four key proteins and loaded their genetic instructions into retroviruses and applied them to non-healing ulcers on mice. New skin formed within 18 days. The discovery gives hope for simple treatments for hard-to-heal wounds that typically plague the elderly and patients with diabetes.
